What is peptide?

01

What it is

The sequence is Ala–Glu–Asp–Gly, written AEDG in one-letter code. The reference record lists the formula C14H22N4O9 and a molecular weight of 390.35 g/mol (PubChem CID 219042).

At four residues it is one of the smallest peptides in the catalog, alongside the three-residue and .

Sources: [1] PubChem · reference structure

02

Where it came from

It came out of the Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, where Vladimir Khavinson’s group made peptide preparations from animal tissues. One of them, epithalamin, was extracted from the pineal gland.

From the amino-acid composition of those extracts, the group designed short synthetic peptides. AEDG was the one designed for the pineal gland, and the group’s 2002 overview reports that it reproduced effects of the extract in their models.

A 2025 overview from a Warsaw team, independent of the original group, summarizes 25 years of in vitro, animal and computational studies.

Sources: [2] Neuroendocrinology Letters · 2002 · [3] International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2025

03

What researchers have studied

Most of the literature comes from cells and animals, and much of it from the originating group:

• Lifespan and tumor development in transgenic mice, in a 2002 study.
• Melatonin and other hormone rhythms in old rhesus monkeys, in a 2005 study.
• Telomere length and telomerase activity in human cell lines, in a 2025 study that found different mechanisms in normal and cancer cells.

When a field depends heavily on one group, independent replication is the thing to look for. The 2025 cell study came from a separate laboratory in London.

These are observations in laboratory models. They are not evidence about any use in people.

Sources: [4] Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine · 2002 · [5] Experimental Gerontology · 2005 · [6] Biogerontology · 2025

04

How it is supplied and stored

ships as a lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder in 10 mg vials. The powder is stable at room temperature in transit. For lab use it is reconstituted with bacteriostatic water such as .

Concentration is content divided by volume: 10 mg in 2 mL gives 5 mg per mL. The reconstitution calculator handles other combinations.

For storage before and after reconstitution, see how to store lyophilized peptides.

05

How to verify a batch

Every lot has its own certificate of analysis from an independent lab. Read three results separately:

• Identity: confirms the expected compound was detected.
• Purity: the share of the measured material that is the intended compound.
• Content: the amount measured, compared with the label.

Then match the lot number on your vial or bottle to the report, and use the report’s verification link to confirm it with the testing lab. Step by step: how to read a peptide COA.